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Kenacort-A 40 (by Aspen) Kenacort-A40 general information What is Kenacort-A40 used for? Kenacort-A40 is used to treat pain, swelling and stiffness in a range of inflammatory conditions of joints and tendons, by injecting directly into the painful area of the joint or tendon sheath. These conditions include osteoarthritis (wear and tear of the joints); rheumatoid arthritis (inflammation and swelling of joints) and acute gouty arthritis (a form of arthritis caused by deposits of uric acid in the joints). Other painful joint conditions that Kenacort-A40 is used to treat include synovitis and tenosynovitis (inflammation of the synovium or fluid filled sheath that line the ends of joints or that surrounds a tendon); bursitis (inflammation of the fluid-filled sac or bursa between tendon and skin or bone); epicondylitis (also known as tennis elbow due to overuse of the elbow tendon). Kenacort-A40 is also used to treat various conditions that require systemic treatment, by injecting directly into the muscle (intramuscular), particularly where oral treatment is not possible. These conditions include various allergic diseases, such as severe seasonal or perennial allergic rhinitis, allergic dermatitis and bronchial asthma. Intramuscular Kenacort 40 is also used to treat various dermatoses (skin diseases), including severe dermatitis, such as bullous dermatitis herpetiformis (a chronic blistering skin condition); pemphigus (an autoimmune blistering condition of the skin and mucous membranes) and Stevens Johnson Syndrome (a severe hypersensitivity reaction of the skin and mucous membranes). Intramuscular Kenacort 40 is also used to treat generalised rheumatoid arthritis and other connective tissue disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus. How does Kenacort-A40 work? Kenacort-A40 contains triamcinalone a synthetic glucocorticoid corticosteroid, similar to the naturally occurring cortisol and its metabolite hydrocortisone, with potent anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-rheumatic and immunosuppressant properties. Corticosteroids are hormones that are naturally produced by the adrenal glands and are involved in regulation of many functions including control of inflammatory and immune responses. Triamcinalone in Kenacort-A40 inhibits the production of inflammatory chemicals, like prostaglandins and leukotrienes, from inflammatory cells at specific sites such as within joint tissue or in skin. This reduces the swelling, redness and pain associated with inflammation and helps suppress clinical symptoms of a wide range of disorders, including inflammation in the joints caused by wear and tear in osteoarthritis or overuse as in tennis elbow; also autoimmune diseases, where the immune system is directed against self, as in rheumatoid arthritis. By injecting Kenacort-A40 locally directly into the site of inflammation it can start to work immediately to provide symptom relief within a few hours and provide greater freedom of movement of the affected joint. When injected directly into the muscle, Kenacort-A40 is slowly absorbed into the blood so that its effect is systemic and is effective for a prolonged period. This is particularly useful for conditions that occur systemically such as skin conditions and connective tissue diseases. What does Kenacort-A40 contain? Kenacort-A40 aqueous suspension contains the active ingredient triamcinolone acetonide (40mg in a glass vial containing 1mL), a synthetic corticosteroid used to treat various inflammatory, allergic and autoimmune diseases. It also contains sodium chloride, benzyl alcohol, carmellose sodium, polysorbate and water. Treating joint inflammation with Kenacort-A40 Kenacort-A40 contains triamcinalone a synthetic corticosteroid that is used to treat joint pain, swelling and stiffness in a range of inflammatory joint conditions, by injecting directly into the painful area of the joint or tendon sheath. These conditions include osteoarthritis (wear and tear of the joints); rheumatoid arthritis (inflammation and swelling of joints) and acute gouty arthritis (a form of arthritis caused by deposits of uric acid in the joints). Other painful joint conditions that Kenacort-A10 is used to treat include synovitis and tenosynovitis (inflammation of the synovium or fluid filled sheath that line the ends of joints or that surrounds a tendon); bursitis (inflammation of the fluid-filled sac or bursa between tendon and skin or bone); epicondylitis (also known as tennis elbow due to overuse of the elbow tendon). Triamcinalone in Kenacort-A40 inhibits the production of inflammatory chemicals, like prostaglandins and leukotrienes, from inflammatory cells at specific sites such as within joint tissue to reduce the swelling and pain associated with inflammation. By injecting Kenacort-A40 locally directly into the site of inflammation it can act on a specific tissue and start work immediately to provide freedom of movement and symptom relief within a few hours. Kenacort-A40 for allergies Kenacort-A40 contains triamcinalone a synthetic corticosteroid that is used to treat severe allergies requiring systemic treatment, such as such as severe seasonal or perennial allergic rhinitis. Kenacort-A40 is injected directly into the muscle (intramuscular) and is absorbed slowly into the blood so that it is effective for a prolonged period. This is particularly helpful where oral treatment is not possible. Triamcinalone in Kenacort-A40 is a synthetic corticosteroid, similar to the naturally occurring cortisol and its metabolite hydrocortisone that are involved in regulation of many functions including control of inflammatory and immune responses. The potent anti-allergic and immunosuppressant properties of triamcinalone in Kenacort-A40 helps dampen down the allergic response that causes symptoms like breathing difficulties in asthma and continual runny itchy nose associated with allergic rhinitis. Kenacort-A40 for skin diseases Kenacort-A40 contains triamcinalone a synthetic corticosteroid that is used to treat various skin diseases (dermatoses) such as bullous dermatitis herpetiformis (a chronic blistering skin condition); pemphigus (an autoimmune blistering condition of the skin and mucous membranes) and Stevens Johnson Syndrome (a severe hypersensitivity reaction of the skin and mucous membranes, usually in response to a medicine). Kenacort-A40 is injected directly into the muscle (intramuscular) and is absorbed slowly into the blood so that it is effective for a prolonged period. This is particularly helpful where oral treatment is not possible. Triamcinalone in Kenacort-A40 is a synthetic corticosteroid, similar to the naturally occurring cortisol and its metabolite hydrocortisone that are involved in regulation of many functions including control of inflammatory and immune responses. Some skin diseases such as pemphigus are caused by autoimmune reactions (where the immune system is directed against self); others like Stevens Johnson Syndrome are caused by a severe allergic reaction. The potent anti-allergic and immunosuppressant properties of triamcinalone in Kenacort-A40 help dampen down the autoimmune or allergic responses that cause severe symptoms in these dermatoses. What are the side effects of Kenacort-A40? The most commonly reported side effects when taking Kenacort-A40 include: increased risk and severity of infection, impaired wound healing, high blood pressure, fluid retention, muscle weakness, thinning of the skin, thinning of the bones with increased risk of fracture, peptic ulcer, convulsions, numbness and tingling, irregular menstrual periods, sore eyes, pain at the injection site. When should Kenacort-A40 not be used? You should not use Kenacort-A40 if you: are allergic to triamcinalone or any ingredients in Kenacort-A40 are pregnant or are breastfeeding have any infectious disease, including infection in the joint and surrounding tissues and tuberculosis have idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (tendency to bleed easily) have no immunity to chicken pox or measles and are at risk of exposure are due to receive a vaccination with a live virus vaccine as Kenacort-A10 can affect the immune system’s ability to react to the virus have thyroid, stomach, heart, kidney or liver problems, high blood pressure, mood disorders, epilepsy, glaucoma, osteoporosis, without discussion with your doctor are diabetic without discussion with your doctor as Kenacort-A10 can increase blood sugar levels are taking medicines that interact with Kenacort-A40, including: including: non-steroidal anti-inflammatories such as; diclofenac and ibuprofen, aspirin, the antifungal amphotericin B, anticholinesterases for myethenia gravis and dementia, Isoniazid for tuberculosis, the immunosuppressant cyclosporine, digoxin for heart failure, oestrogen contraceptives, barbiturate sedatives, the anticonvulsants phenytoin, carbamazepine and primidone, the antibacterial rifampicin, aminoglutethimide for Cushing’s syndrome and adrenal gland disorder, human growth hormone, the antifungal ketoconazole What medications interact with Kenacort-A40? Several medications interact with Kenacort-A40 and should either not be taken while you are taking Kenacort-A40 or only after discussion and instruction from your doctor: Drugs that cause a serious reaction with Kenacort-A40: non-steroidal anti-inflammatories such as; diclofenac and ibuprofen, aspirin, amphotericin B, the immunosuppressant cyclosporine, digoxin for heart failure Drugs that affect Kenacort-A40: the anticonvulsants phenytoin, carbamazepine and primidone, the antibacterial rifampicin, aminoglutethimide for Cushing’s syndrome and adrenal gland disorder Drugs that are affected by Kenacort-A40: non-steroidal anti-inflammatories such as; diclofenac and ibuprofen, anticholinesterases for myethenia gravis and dementia, Isoniazid for tuberculosis, the immunosuppressant cyclosporine, digoxin for heart failure, oestrogen contraceptives, human growth hormone, the antifungal ketoconazole How should Kenacort-A40 be given? For intra-articular injection (into the joint), you will be given an injection of Kenacort-A40 directly into the affected joint or tendon sheath, depending on what you are being treated for. The dose you receive and how many injections you will be given, depends on your response and should be as recommended by your doctor. For intramuscular injection (intramuscular) you will be given an injection of Kenacort-A40 deep into the gluteal muscle and at different sites of the same muscle for subsequent injections. You will usually be given several injections over a period of time but for the shortest time possible to relieve your symptoms, to reduce the risk of side effects from long-term treatment. Your injections will be stopped gradually by reducing the dose. How long should you take Kenacort-A40? You will usually be given several injections over a period of time but for the shortest time possible to relieve your symptoms, to reduce the risk of side effects from long-term treatment. Your injections will be stopped gradually by reducing the dose. How should Kenacort-A40 be stored? You should store your Kenacort-A40 below 30°C in a dark place and it must be kept upright and must not be frozen.
Motilium M (Domperidone) Motilium M General Information What is Motilium M used for? Motilium M tablets 10mg are used to treat nausea and vomiting and help relieve symptoms like bloating, fullness, heartburn and flatulence that cause discomfort when your digestive system is out of rhythm or you have eaten too much. Motilium M 10 can also be used to relieve symptoms of nausea caused by some medications, such as anti-cancer drugs and medications used for Parkinson’s disease. Another use for Motilium M tablets 10mg is to increase breast milk production, as a side effect of its intended use. How does Motilium M work? Motilium M tablets 10mg contains domperidone, a dopamine antagonist that acts as an antiemetic (prevents nausea and vomiting) and as a gastrokinetic (stimulates gastrointestinal mobility). Nausea and vomiting are triggered when the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) in the brain is stimulated and this causes nerve impulses to be sent to area postrema or vomiting centre of the brain, to induce the vomiting reflex. The CTZ can be activated by two mechanisms; either indirectly by transmission of nerve impulses sent to the brain from the stomach when it has been irritated, or directly by chemicals or drugs that are circulating in the blood and stimulate receptors in the brain. Motilium M tablets 10mg work by blocking the action of the chemical messenger dopamine and this stops the transmission of messages from the irritated or upset stomach to the brain, preventing the brain triggering the vomiting response. Motilium M 10 also blocks the same chemical messengers in the upper digestive system. This relieves dysmobility, which is when food processing slows down causing uncomfortable symptoms. Motilium M tablets 10mg restores the natural rhythm of muscle contraction and relaxation in the stomach, which helps push food through the digestive system and prevents vomiting. What does Motilium M contain? Motilium M tablets contain the active ingredient domperidone maleate10mg, an antiemetic used to relieve symptoms of nausea and queasiness. Treating nausea and vomiting with Motilium M Motilium M tablets 10mg contain domperidone, a dopamine antagonist that is used as an antiemetic (prevents nausea and vomiting), to treat nausea and vomiting caused by a variety of conditions, including, gastrointestinal disorders or medication such as anti-cancer drugs. Domperidone in Motilium M 10 works by blocking the action of the chemical messenger dopamine in the brain and in the upper intestine, and this prevents vomiting and restores the natural rhythm of the digestive system. The action of Motilium M tablets 10mg helps relieve symptoms of digestive problems including bloating, fullness, heartburn, regurgitation of bile, abdominal pain and flatulence, which can happen when the digestive system is out of rhythm and cause discomfort. How does Motilium M help with breastfeeding? If you are having trouble producing enough breast milk you can use Motilium M tablets 10mg to help with breastfeeding. Domperidone in Motilium M tablets 10mg increases blood levels of the hormone prolactin, which stimulates milk production in a new mother’s breast cells. This is an indirect result of blocking the chemical messenger dopamine, which is also how Motilium M prevents nausea and vomiting. Domperidone Motilium M 10 does pass from the blood into breast milk, however, it is present in small amounts and there is no indication that it will harm your baby. Domperidone in Motilium M tablets 10mg has fewer side effects than metoclopramide, which is another medication used for stomach problems that also stimulates milk production. Motilium M for increasing breast milk production Motilium M tablets 10mg can be used to increase your breast milk production as it has been found to increase blood levels of the hormone prolactin, which stimulates milk production in a new mother’s breast cells. This is an indirect result of blocking the chemical messenger dopamine, which is also how Motilium M prevents nausea and vomiting. Domperidone in Motilium M tablets 10mg does pass from the blood into breast milk, however, it is present in small amounts and there is no indication that it will harm your baby. Domperidone in Motilium M tablets 10mg has fewer side effects than metoclopramide, which is another medication used for stomach problems that also stimulates milk production. What are the side effects of Motilium M? The most commonly reported side effects when taking Motilium M tablets 10mg include headache, abdominal cramps and dry mouth. Because Motilium M does not cross the blood brain barrier it does not cause what are known as extrapyramidal side effects, like convulsion and involuntary muscle actions that can be associated with some dopamine blocking medications. However, for the same reason Motilium M can increase the production of the hormone prolactin, which stimulates breast milk secretion, and this can cause breast enlargement (gynaecomastia) and temporary stoppage of periods (amenorrhoea). These side effects will stop as soon as you stop taking Motilium M. When should Motilium M not be used? You should not use Motilium M tablets 10mg if you: have a known hypersensitivity to domperidone or any of the other components have an intolerance to lactose, a lactose malabsorption or a genetic disorder leading to accumulation of galactose in the blood (galactosaemia), as lactose is used to coat the tablets have a condition where increasing gut motility could be harmful, such as gastrointestinal haemorrhage, mechanical obstruction or a perforation have a kidney or liver disease have a pituitary tumour that causes over-production of prolactin (prolactinoma) are taking another medication that may interact with Motilium M and prevent one or both drugs working effectively, such as the antifungals ketoconazole, fluconazole or voriconazole, antibiotics containing erythromycin, clarithromycin or telithromycin; amiodarone for rapid heartbeat. How should Motilium M be taken? You should take Motilium M tablets 10mg swallowed whole with a glass of water 15 to 30 minutes before meals. If you are over 16, you can take a tablet three times a day and at bedtime, if necessary. To increase breastmilk the usual dosage recommended by lactation consultants is up to TWO tablets FOUR times a day. The dose you take and for how long depends on what you are being treated for and your doctor’s recommendation. How long should you take Motilium M? You should continue to take Motilium M tablets 10mg for as long as recommended by your doctor, however, it is not intended for long-term use and you should not continue to take it for more than two weeks, unless recommended by your doctor. Missed dose of Motilium M If you miss a dose of Motilium M 10, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is time to take the next dose, then skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose. How should Motilium M be stored? Store Motilium M tablets 10mg at room temperature and keep away from direct sunlight. Where can you buy Motillium? Motillium (correctly spelt Motilium M) is a common misspelling of the antiemetic medication which is used to treat nausea and vomiting and help relieve symptoms of bloating and fullness that cause discomfort when your digestive system is out of rhythm. Motilium M 10 can also be used to relieve symptoms of nausea caused by some medications, such as anti-cancer drugs. Another use for Motilium M is to increase breast milk production, as a side effect of its intended use. You can buy Motillium (correctly spelt Motilium M) online at Inhousepharmacy.com.
Slayworm 10 Tablets/Pack Slayworm general information What is Slayworm used for? Slayworm tablets 50/144/50 are used as a multi spectrum de-wormer for dogs only, and are suitable for small to medium size adult dogs; also puppies at the correct dose, but should not be given to pregnant or lactating animals. Slayworm tablets are effective in the control of all common gastrointestinal worms, including roundworm (Toxicara), hookworm (Ancylostoma caninum) and whipworm (Trichuris vulpis). They are also effective against intestinal tapeworms (cestodes), particularly the Taenia species and including the hydatid (also known as Echinococcus granulosus), which is the cyst stage of the tapeworm. Slayworm tablets can also be used in combination with other treatments such as medications for the prevention of heartworm, fleas and ticks. How does Slayworm work? Slayworm tablets contain a combination of three anthelmintic drugs, which is a drug that dispels parasitic worms (helminths). Praziquantel in Slayworm tablets is an anthelmintic that is effective against intestinal tapeworms (cestodes) and works by interfering with the tapeworm’s ability to protect itself against its host, causing the tapeworm to lose resistance to digestion by the host digestive enzymes. The tapeworm becomes disintegrated and is then removed by the host’s immune system, which destroys the tapeworm before it can be passed out in stools. Pyrantel in Slayworm tablets is a depolarising neuromuscular blocking agent that is effective against roundworms and hookworms that attach to the wall of the host’s intestine by small teeth or suckers. They work by blocking nerve transmission causing sudden muscular contraction followed by paralysis. This causes the worm to lose its grip on the intestine wall and fall off; it then becomes paralysed and dies and is passed out in the stools. Febantel in Slayworm tablets is inactive but is converted to fenbendazole a benzimidazole anthelmintic, which has a broad spectrum action. Fenbendazole works by binding to tubulin in the worm cells, a structural protein of microtubules, and this blocks glucose uptake, which depletes energy stores and eventually paralyses the parasite, which then dies. Although these drugs are effective against parasitic worms in the intestine, they are not well absorbed into the blood of the host and therefore have minimal side effects. What does Slayworm contain? Slayworm non-coated tablets contain a combination of three the active ingredients, the anthelmintic drugs praziquantel (50mg) pyrantel pamoate (144mg), febantel (150mg) that are used in combination as a multi spectrum de-wormer for dogs only. Treating intestinal worms with Slayworm Slayworm contains a combination of three anthelmintic drugs that are used as a multi spectrum de-wormer for dogs only at the correct dose; Slayworm tablets 50/144/50 are suitable for small to medium size dogs. Slayworm tablets are effective in the control of all common gastrointestinal worms, including roundworm (Toxicara), hookworm (Ancylostoma caninum) and whipworm (Trichuris vulpis). They are also effective against intestinal tapeworms (cestodes), particularly the Taenia species and including the hydatid (also known as Echinococcus granulosus), which is the cyst stage of the tapeworm. Praziquantel in Slayworm tablets is an anthelmintic that is effective against intestinal tapeworms (cestodes) and works by interfering with the tapeworm’s ability to protect itself against its host, causing the tapeworm to lose resistance to digestion by the host digestive enzymes. The tapeworm becomes disintegrated and is then removed by the host’s immune system, which destroys the tapeworm before it can be passed out in stools. Pyrantel in Slayworm tablets is a depolarising neuromuscular blocking agent that is effective against roundworms and hookworms that attach to the wall of the host’s intestine by small teeth or suckers. They work by blocking nerve transmission causing sudden muscular contraction followed by paralysis. This causes the worm to lose its grip on the intestine wall and fall off; it then becomes paralysed and dies and is passed out in the stools. Febantel in Slayworm tablets is inactive but is converted to fenbendazole a benzimidazole anthelmintic, which has a broad spectrum action. Fenbendazole works by binding to tubulin in the worm cells, a structural protein of microtubules, and this blocks glucose uptake, which depletes energy stores and eventually paralyses the parasite, which then dies. Although these drugs are effective against parasitic worms in the intestine, they are not well absorbed into the blood of the host and therefore have minimal side effects. What are the side effects of Slayworm? The most commonly reported side effects when taking Slayworm include: vomiting, diarrhoea and lethargy. How should Slayworm be given? You should give Slayworm tablets to your dog with or without food by hand, or crushed into their food. You should weigh your dog or cat before dosing to ensure the correct dose of one tablet per 10kg (22 lbs) body weight (or half a tablet as appropriate). Repeat the dose of Slayworm tablets after 3 months. You should continue to give Slayworm tablets to your dog for as long as recommended by your veterinarian professional. You should always consult your veterinarian professional before administering Slayworm tablets to dogs that are pregnant or lactating. The recommended dose is: Half tablet up to 5kg (11lbs) body weight 1 tablets 6-10 kg (13-22lbs) body weight Over 10kg (22lbs), 1 tablet/10kg (22lbs) body weight adding half a tablet for each 5kg (11lbs) How long should you give Slayworm? You should continue to give your dog Slayworm tablets for as long as recommended by your veterinarian professional. How should Slayworm be stored? You should store your Slayworm below 25°C in a cool dry place.
Mirtazapine Tablets 45mg MIRTAZAPINE general information What is Mirtazapine used for? Mirtazapine tablets 45mg are used to treat episodes of major depression to relieve symptoms of depressive illness, including anxiety, loss of interest in usual activities, disturbed sleep, change in appetite, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, difficulty thinking or concentrating, and recurrent thoughts of suicide. Mirtazapine tablets 45mg are also used to prevent relapse of depression. Mirtazapine tablets 45mg also have sedative properties. How does Mirtazapine work? Mirtazapine tablets 45mg contain mirtazapine, which is an antidepressant belonging to the class of drugs known as tetracyclic antidepressant. It is also classified as a Noradrenergic and Specific Serotonergic Antidepressant (NaSSA) because it acts as an antagonist of alpha adrenergic receptors in the central nervous system, which in turn increases the amount of noradrenaline and serotonin neurotransmitters (brain chemical that allows nerve cells to communicate). Mirtazapine in Mirtazapine tablets 45mg has several pharmacological properties, due to its interaction with several chemicals and numerous neurotransmitter systems that are thought to be involved in depression. These include blocking the effect of histamine, which explains its sedative properties. Also, Mirtazapine in Mirtazapine tablets 45mg blocks certain serotonin receptors, which prevents some of the side effects seen with antidepressants of the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI) and it does not have any effect as a reuptake inhibitor, which is how most SSRIs and SNRIs (Serotonin-Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors) work. The action of Mirtazapine in Mirtazapine tablets 45mg helps correct the chemical imbalance caused by a lack of certain neurotransmitters that is thought to be one of the major causes of depression and other mood disorders, particularly a lack of serotonin, which controls many body activities, including regulating mood. What does Mirtazapine contain? Mirtazapine tablets 45mg contain the active ingredient mirtazapine, a tetracyclic antidepressant classified as a Noradrenergic and Specific Serotonergic Antidepressant (NaSSA), used to treat, and relieve symptoms of major depression. Treating depression with Mirtazapine Mirtazapine tablets 45mg contain mirtazapine, a tetracyclic antidepressant used to treat episodes of major depression to relieve symptoms of depressive illness, including anxiety, loss of interest in usual activities, disturbed sleep, change in appetite, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, difficulty thinking or concentrating, and recurrent thoughts of suicide. Mirtazapine tablets 45mg are also used to prevent relapse of depression. Mirtazapine in Mirtazapine tablets 45mg interacts with several chemicals and numerous neurotransmitter systems that are thought to be involved in depression. These include blocking alpha adrenergic receptors in the central nervous system, which in turn increases the amount of noradrenaline and serotonin neurotransmitters (brain chemical that allows nerve cells to communicate). This action of Mirtazapine in Mirtazapine tablets 45mg helps correct the chemical imbalance caused by a lack of these neurotransmitters, which is thought to be one of the major causes of depression and other mood disorders, particularly a lack of serotonin, which controls many body activities, including regulating mood. Mirtazapine in Mirtazapine tablets 45mg also blocks certain serotonin receptors, which prevents some of the side effects seen with antidepressants of the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI) and it does not have any effect as a reuptake inhibitor, which is how most SSRIs and SNRIs (Serotonin-Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors) work. What are the side effects of Mirtazapine? The most commonly reported side effects when taking Mirtazapine tablets 45mg include increase in appetite and weight gain, lethargy, drowsiness or sleepiness, headache, tiredness, dry mouth, nausea diarrhoea, vomiting, orthostatic hypotension or dizzy spell (low blood pressure when standing up), abnormal dreams, tremor, dizziness, painful joints, back pain, muscle aches and pains, oedema (swelling due to fluid accumulation), skin rash. When should Mirtazapine not be used? You should not use Mirtazapine tablets 45mg if you: are allergic to Mirtazapine or any ingredients in Mirtazapine are pregnant or are breastfeeding have kidney or liver disease have had a recent heart attack or have other heart problems like angina have certain conditions without discussion with your doctor, including low blood pressure, diabetes, glaucoma, problems in urinating due to an enlarged prostate, are taking any monoamine oxidase inhibitor medications (such as phenelzine, tranylcypromine and moclobemide) as these can cause serious reactions if taken with Mirtazapine are taking medicines that interact with Mirtazapine, including other antidepressants like the SNRI venlafaxine, the SSRI fluoxetine, lithium for bipolar, St John’s wort, benzodiazepines for anxiety, anticoagulants like warfarin, the antifungal ketoconazole, cimetidine for stomach ulcers, the antibiotic erythromycin, anticonvulsant carbamazepine, the antiepileptic phenytoin, alcohol What medications interact with Mirtazapine? Several medications interact with Mirtazapine tablets 45mg and should either not be taken while you are taking Mirtazapine or only after discussion and instruction from your doctor: Drugs that cause a serious reaction with Mirtazapine: monoamine oxidase inhibitor medications, like phenelzine, other antidepressants like the SNRI venlafaxine, the SSRI fluoxetine, lithium for bipolar, St John’s wort, alcohol Drugs that affect Mirtazapine: the antifungal ketoconazole, cimetidine for stomach ulcers, the antibiotic erythromycin, anticonvulsant carbamazepine, the antiepileptic phenytoin Drugs that are affected by Mirtazapine: benzodiazepines for anxiety, anticoagulants like warfarin How should Mirtazapine be taken? You should take your Mirtazapine tablets 45mg swallowed whole with a glass of water with or without food once daily, at the same times each day preferably at bedtime. The dose you take and for how long depends on your doctor’s recommendations how well you are responding to treatment. You should begin to feel an improvement within one to two weeks, with maximum effect within four weeks and you should continue to take your Mirtazapine tablets 45mg for at least a further four to six months after you feel well. How long should you take Mirtazapine? You should take your Mirtazapine tablets 45mg regularly for as long as recommended by your doctor and you should begin to feel an improvement within one to two weeks, with maximum effect within four weeks. You should continue to take your Mirtazapine tablets 45mg for at least a further four to six months after you feel well. Missed dose of Mirtazapine? If you miss a dose of Mirtazapine take it as soon as you remember, unless it is time to take the next dose, then skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose. How should Mirtazapine be stored? You should store your Mirtazapine below 25°C in a cool dry place.
Rizact 5mg (Rizatriptan) Rizact general information What is Rizact used for? Rizact tablets 5mg are used to relieve acute migraine attacks with or without aura, which is the perception of visual disturbances and/or smells and is usually the first sign that a migraine headache is on its way. Rizact-5 should only be used for treatment of a migraine attack to relieve headache and other symptoms, including nausea and sensitivity to light and noise, but they should not be used to prevent migraine headaches from occurring. You can use Rizact tablets 5mg at any stage of a migraine attack but it is more effective if taken as soon as possible after the first signs of headache and/or aura. Rizact tablets 5mg are not intended for the treatment of other types of headache, such as cluster headache, which is a very painful type of headache that occurs in regular cycles or clusters, interspersed with periods of remission. Rizact-5 is not intended for the management of haemiplegic migraine, which can also cause temporary weakness of one side of the body and paralysis; or basilar migraine, which is another form of migraine and is caused by an arterial spasm at the base of the brain restricting blood flow to the brain. How does Rizact work? Rizact tablets 5mg tablets contain rizatriptan, which is a member of the group of drugs called tryptans and is a serotonin agonist that mimics the action of serotonin (also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT). Serotonin is a brain chemical that is involved in control of mood, pain sensation, sexual behaviour, sleep, as well as dilation (widening) and constriction (narrowing) of blood vessels. Migraine is thought to be caused by dilatation or widening of blood vessels in the head (intracranial vessels) due to one of many migraine triggers, which in turn stimulates nearby sensory trigeminal nerves, which release chemicals, causing pain and inflammation. Rizatriptan in Rizact-5 stimulates the serotonin receptors in these expanded blood vessels making them narrow again (vasoconstriction) and inhibits trigeminal nerve activity and pain transmission, relieving pain. Both actions are thought to contribute to the anti-migraine action of rizatriptan and relieve headache and other symptoms of a migraine attack. Rizact tablets 5mg are effective in relieving the pain of migraine headache within an hour of taking the film coated tablets. What does Rizact contain? Rizact film coated tablets contain the active ingredient rizatriptan benzoate 5mg, a serotonin agonist used to relieve symptoms of a migraine attack. Treating migraine headache with Rizact Rizact tablets 5mg contain rizatriptan, which is a serotonin agonist that mimics the action of serotonin. They are used to relieve acute migraine attacks with or without aura, which is the perception of visual disturbances and/or smells called and is usually the first sign that a migraine headache is on its way. Migraine is thought to be caused by dilatation or widening of blood vessels in the head due to one of many migraine triggers, which in turn stimulates nearby sensory nerves so that you feel pain. Rizatriptan in Rizact-5 stimulates the serotonin receptors in these expanded blood vessels making them narrow again (vasoconstriction) and inhibits trigeminal nerve activity, relieving pain. Both actions are thought to contribute to the anti-migraine action of Rizatriptan in Rizact-5 to relieve headache and other symptoms of a migraine attack. Rizact tablets 5mg relieve the headache and other symptoms of migraine, including nausea and sensitivity to light. What are the side effects of Rizact? The most commonly reported side effects when taking Rizact tablets 5mg include: dizziness, drowsiness, sensory disturbance including, tingling, pricking, or numbness of the skin (paraesthesia), loss of sensitivity to pain or touch (hypoaesthesia), shortness of breath, sensations of heaviness, pain, sensations of heat or cold, pressure or tightness, weakness, fatigue, decrease mental acuity. When should Rizact not be used? You should not use Rizact if you: are allergic to rizatriptan or any triptan like sumatriptan or any other ingredients in Rizact are pregnant or breastfeeding without discussion with your doctor have had myocardial infarction or have ischaemic heart disease, coronary vasospasm (Prinzmetal's angina), peripheral vascular disease, or a history of cerebovascular accident (CVA) or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) have liver disease or uncontrolled hypertension have basilar or haemiplegic migraine are using medicines that interact with Rizact, including: ergotamine or derivatives of ergotamine (including methysergide), monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) What medications interact with Rizact? The following medications interact with Rizact tablets 5mg and should either not be taken while you are taking Rizact-5 or only after discussion and instruction from your doctor. Ergot derivatives including methysergide (also for migraine headaches) should not be taken 24 hours before to 6 hours after dose of Rizact-5 MAOI antidepressants should not be taken within 14 days of Rizact-5 Other triptan serotonin agonist like sumatriptan Other serotonin agonist antidepressants like SSRIs; SNRIs. How should Rizact be taken? You can take Rizact tablets 5mg at any stage of a migraine attack but it is more effective if taken as soon as possible after the first signs of headache and/or aura. You should take your Rizact-5 swallowed whole without food, as food may delay the effectiveness of Rizact-5. If the first dose of Rizact tablets 5mg does not help your migraine, you should not take another dose for the same migraine, as it is unlikely that it will improve your headache. If you have another migraine attack in the next 24 hours you can take another dose, but not within two hours of the first dose and you should not take more than 30mg within 24 hours. How should Rizact be stored? You should store your Rizact below 25°C in a cool dry place.

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Kenacort-A 40 (by Aspen)

Kenacort-A40 general information

What is Kenacort-A40 used for?

Kenacort-A40 is used to treat pain, swelling and stiffness in a range of inflammatory conditions of joints and tendons, by injecting directly into the painful area of the joint or tendon sheath. These conditions include osteoarthritis (wear and tear of the joints); rheumatoid arthritis (inflammation and swelling of joints) and acute gouty arthritis (a form of arthritis caused by deposits of uric acid in the joints). Other painful joint conditions that Kenacort-A40 is used to treat include synovitis and tenosynovitis (inflammation of the synovium or fluid filled sheath that line the ends of joints or that surrounds a tendon); bursitis (inflammation of the fluid-filled sac or bursa between tendon and skin or bone); epicondylitis (also known as tennis elbow due to overuse of the elbow tendon). Kenacort-A40 is also used to treat various conditions that require systemic treatment, by injecting directly into the muscle (intramuscular), particularly where oral treatment is not possible. These conditions include various allergic diseases, such as severe seasonal or perennial allergic rhinitis, allergic dermatitis and bronchial asthma. Intramuscular Kenacort 40 is also used to treat various dermatoses (skin diseases), including severe dermatitis, such as bullous dermatitis herpetiformis (a chronic blistering skin condition); pemphigus (an autoimmune blistering condition of the skin and mucous membranes) and Stevens Johnson Syndrome (a severe hypersensitivity reaction of the skin and mucous membranes). Intramuscular Kenacort 40 is also used to treat generalised rheumatoid arthritis and other connective tissue disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus.

How does Kenacort-A40 work?

Kenacort-A40 contains triamcinalone a synthetic glucocorticoid corticosteroid, similar to the naturally occurring cortisol and its metabolite hydrocortisone, with potent anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-rheumatic and immunosuppressant properties. Corticosteroids are hormones that are naturally produced by the adrenal glands and are involved in regulation of many functions including control of inflammatory and immune responses. Triamcinalone in Kenacort-A40 inhibits the production of inflammatory chemicals, like prostaglandins and leukotrienes, from inflammatory cells at specific sites such as within joint tissue or in skin. This reduces the swelling, redness and pain associated with inflammation and helps suppress clinical symptoms of a wide range of disorders, including inflammation in the joints caused by wear and tear in osteoarthritis or overuse as in tennis elbow; also autoimmune diseases, where the immune system is directed against self, as in rheumatoid arthritis. By injecting Kenacort-A40 locally directly into the site of inflammation it can start to work immediately to provide symptom relief within a few hours and provide greater freedom of movement of the affected joint. When injected directly into the muscle, Kenacort-A40 is slowly absorbed into the blood so that its effect is systemic and is effective for a prolonged period. This is particularly useful for conditions that occur systemically such as skin conditions and connective tissue diseases.

What does Kenacort-A40 contain?

Kenacort-A40 aqueous suspension contains the active ingredient triamcinolone acetonide (40mg in a glass vial containing 1mL), a synthetic corticosteroid used to treat various inflammatory, allergic and autoimmune diseases. It also contains sodium chloride, benzyl alcohol, carmellose sodium, polysorbate and water.

Treating joint inflammation with Kenacort-A40

Kenacort-A40 contains triamcinalone a synthetic corticosteroid that is used to treat joint pain, swelling and stiffness in a range of inflammatory joint conditions, by injecting directly into the painful area of the joint or tendon sheath. These conditions include osteoarthritis (wear and tear of the joints); rheumatoid arthritis (inflammation and swelling of joints) and acute gouty arthritis (a form of arthritis caused by deposits of uric acid in the joints). Other painful joint conditions that Kenacort-A10 is used to treat include synovitis and tenosynovitis (inflammation of the synovium or fluid filled sheath that line the ends of joints or that surrounds a tendon); bursitis (inflammation of the fluid-filled sac or bursa between tendon and skin or bone); epicondylitis (also known as tennis elbow due to overuse of the elbow tendon). Triamcinalone in Kenacort-A40 inhibits the production of inflammatory chemicals, like prostaglandins and leukotrienes, from inflammatory cells at specific sites such as within joint tissue to reduce the swelling and pain associated with inflammation. By injecting Kenacort-A40 locally directly into the site of inflammation it can act on a specific tissue and start work immediately to provide freedom of movement and symptom relief within a few hours.

Kenacort-A40 for allergies

Kenacort-A40 contains triamcinalone a synthetic corticosteroid that is used to treat severe allergies requiring systemic treatment, such as such as severe seasonal or perennial allergic rhinitis. Kenacort-A40 is injected directly into the muscle (intramuscular) and is absorbed slowly into the blood so that it is effective for a prolonged period. This is particularly helpful where oral treatment is not possible. Triamcinalone in Kenacort-A40 is a synthetic corticosteroid, similar to the naturally occurring cortisol and its metabolite hydrocortisone that are involved in regulation of many functions including control of inflammatory and immune responses. The potent anti-allergic and immunosuppressant properties of triamcinalone in Kenacort-A40 helps dampen down the allergic response that causes symptoms like breathing difficulties in asthma and continual runny itchy nose associated with allergic rhinitis.

Kenacort-A40 for skin diseases

Kenacort-A40 contains triamcinalone a synthetic corticosteroid that is used to treat various skin diseases (dermatoses) such as bullous dermatitis herpetiformis (a chronic blistering skin condition); pemphigus (an autoimmune blistering condition of the skin and mucous membranes) and Stevens Johnson Syndrome (a severe hypersensitivity reaction of the skin and mucous membranes, usually in response to a medicine). Kenacort-A40 is injected directly into the muscle (intramuscular) and is absorbed slowly into the blood so that it is effective for a prolonged period. This is particularly helpful where oral treatment is not possible. Triamcinalone in Kenacort-A40 is a synthetic corticosteroid, similar to the naturally occurring cortisol and its metabolite hydrocortisone that are involved in regulation of many functions including control of inflammatory and immune responses. Some skin diseases such as pemphigus are caused by autoimmune reactions (where the immune system is directed against self); others like Stevens Johnson Syndrome are caused by a severe allergic reaction. The potent anti-allergic and immunosuppressant properties of triamcinalone in Kenacort-A40 help dampen down the autoimmune or allergic responses that cause severe symptoms in these dermatoses.

What are the side effects of Kenacort-A40?

The most commonly reported side effects when taking Kenacort-A40 include: increased risk and severity of infection, impaired wound healing, high blood pressure, fluid retention, muscle weakness, thinning of the skin, thinning of the bones with increased risk of fracture, peptic ulcer, convulsions, numbness and tingling, irregular menstrual periods, sore eyes, pain at the injection site.

When should Kenacort-A40 not be used?

You should not use Kenacort-A40 if you:

are allergic to triamcinalone or any ingredients in Kenacort-A40
are pregnant or are breastfeeding
have any infectious disease, including infection in the joint and surrounding tissues and tuberculosis
have idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (tendency to bleed easily)
have no immunity to chicken pox or measles and are at risk of exposure
are due to receive a vaccination with a live virus vaccine as Kenacort-A10 can affect the immune system’s ability to react to the virus
have thyroid, stomach, heart, kidney or liver problems, high blood pressure, mood disorders, epilepsy, glaucoma, osteoporosis, without discussion with your doctor
are diabetic without discussion with your doctor as Kenacort-A10 can increase blood sugar levels
are taking medicines that interact with Kenacort-A40, including: including: non-steroidal anti-inflammatories such as; diclofenac and ibuprofen, aspirin, the antifungal amphotericin B, anticholinesterases for myethenia gravis and dementia, Isoniazid for tuberculosis, the immunosuppressant cyclosporine, digoxin for heart failure, oestrogen contraceptives, barbiturate sedatives, the anticonvulsants phenytoin, carbamazepine and primidone, the antibacterial rifampicin, aminoglutethimide for Cushing’s syndrome and adrenal gland disorder, human growth hormone, the antifungal ketoconazole

What medications interact with Kenacort-A40?

Several medications interact with Kenacort-A40 and should either not be taken while you are taking Kenacort-A40 or only after discussion and instruction from your doctor:

Drugs that cause a serious reaction with Kenacort-A40: non-steroidal anti-inflammatories such as; diclofenac and ibuprofen, aspirin, amphotericin B, the immunosuppressant cyclosporine, digoxin for heart failure
Drugs that affect Kenacort-A40: the anticonvulsants phenytoin, carbamazepine and primidone, the antibacterial rifampicin, aminoglutethimide for Cushing’s syndrome and adrenal gland disorder
Drugs that are affected by Kenacort-A40: non-steroidal anti-inflammatories such as; diclofenac and ibuprofen, anticholinesterases for myethenia gravis and dementia, Isoniazid for tuberculosis, the immunosuppressant cyclosporine, digoxin for heart failure, oestrogen contraceptives, human growth hormone, the antifungal ketoconazole

How should Kenacort-A40 be given?

For intra-articular injection (into the joint), you will be given an injection of Kenacort-A40 directly into the affected joint or tendon sheath, depending on what you are being treated for. The dose you receive and how many injections you will be given, depends on your response and should be as recommended by your doctor. For intramuscular injection (intramuscular) you will be given an injection of Kenacort-A40 deep into the gluteal muscle and at different sites of the same muscle for subsequent injections. You will usually be given several injections over a period of time but for the shortest time possible to relieve your symptoms, to reduce the risk of side effects from long-term treatment. Your injections will be stopped gradually by reducing the dose.

How long should you take Kenacort-A40?

You will usually be given several injections over a period of time but for the shortest time possible to relieve your symptoms, to reduce the risk of side effects from long-term treatment. Your injections will be stopped gradually by reducing the dose.

How should Kenacort-A40 be stored?

You should store your Kenacort-A40 below 30°C in a dark place and it must be kept upright and must not be frozen.

Motilium M (Domperidone)

Motilium M General Information

What is Motilium M used for?

Motilium M tablets 10mg are used to treat nausea and vomiting and help relieve symptoms like bloating, fullness, heartburn and flatulence that cause discomfort when your digestive system is out of rhythm or you have eaten too much. Motilium M 10 can also be used to relieve symptoms of nausea caused by some medications, such as anti-cancer drugs and medications used for Parkinson’s disease. Another use for Motilium M tablets 10mg is to increase breast milk production, as a side effect of its intended use.

How does Motilium M work?

Motilium M tablets 10mg contains domperidone, a dopamine antagonist that acts as an antiemetic (prevents nausea and vomiting) and as a gastrokinetic (stimulates gastrointestinal mobility). Nausea and vomiting are triggered when the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) in the brain is stimulated and this causes nerve impulses to be sent to area postrema or vomiting centre of the brain, to induce the vomiting reflex. The CTZ can be activated by two mechanisms; either indirectly by transmission of nerve impulses sent to the brain from the stomach when it has been irritated, or directly by chemicals or drugs that are circulating in the blood and stimulate receptors in the brain. Motilium M tablets 10mg work by blocking the action of the chemical messenger dopamine and this stops the transmission of messages from the irritated or upset stomach to the brain, preventing the brain triggering the vomiting response. Motilium M 10 also blocks the same chemical messengers in the upper digestive system. This relieves dysmobility, which is when food processing slows down causing uncomfortable symptoms. Motilium M tablets 10mg restores the natural rhythm of muscle contraction and relaxation in the stomach, which helps push food through the digestive system and prevents vomiting.

What does Motilium M contain?

Motilium M tablets contain the active ingredient domperidone maleate10mg, an antiemetic used to relieve symptoms of nausea and queasiness.

Treating nausea and vomiting with Motilium M

Motilium M tablets 10mg contain domperidone, a dopamine antagonist that is used as an antiemetic (prevents nausea and vomiting), to treat nausea and vomiting caused by a variety of conditions, including, gastrointestinal disorders or medication such as anti-cancer drugs. Domperidone in Motilium M 10 works by blocking the action of the chemical messenger dopamine in the brain and in the upper intestine, and this prevents vomiting and restores the natural rhythm of the digestive system. The action of Motilium M tablets 10mg helps relieve symptoms of digestive problems including bloating, fullness, heartburn, regurgitation of bile, abdominal pain and flatulence, which can happen when the digestive system is out of rhythm and cause discomfort.

How does Motilium M help with breastfeeding?

If you are having trouble producing enough breast milk you can use Motilium M tablets 10mg to help with breastfeeding. Domperidone in Motilium M tablets 10mg increases blood levels of the hormone prolactin, which stimulates milk production in a new mother’s breast cells. This is an indirect result of blocking the chemical messenger dopamine, which is also how Motilium M prevents nausea and vomiting. Domperidone Motilium M 10 does pass from the blood into breast milk, however, it is present in small amounts and there is no indication that it will harm your baby. Domperidone in Motilium M tablets 10mg has fewer side effects than metoclopramide, which is another medication used for stomach problems that also stimulates milk production.

Motilium M for increasing breast milk production

Motilium M tablets 10mg can be used to increase your breast milk production as it has been found to increase blood levels of the hormone prolactin, which stimulates milk production in a new mother’s breast cells. This is an indirect result of blocking the chemical messenger dopamine, which is also how Motilium M prevents nausea and vomiting. Domperidone in Motilium M tablets 10mg does pass from the blood into breast milk, however, it is present in small amounts and there is no indication that it will harm your baby. Domperidone in Motilium M tablets 10mg has fewer side effects than metoclopramide, which is another medication used for stomach problems that also stimulates milk production.

What are the side effects of Motilium M?

The most commonly reported side effects when taking Motilium M tablets 10mg include headache, abdominal cramps and dry mouth. Because Motilium M does not cross the blood brain barrier it does not cause what are known as extrapyramidal side effects, like convulsion and involuntary muscle actions that can be associated with some dopamine blocking medications. However, for the same reason Motilium M can increase the production of the hormone prolactin, which stimulates breast milk secretion, and this can cause breast enlargement (gynaecomastia) and temporary stoppage of periods (amenorrhoea). These side effects will stop as soon as you stop taking Motilium M.

When should Motilium M not be used?

You should not use Motilium M tablets 10mg if you:

have a known hypersensitivity to domperidone or any of the other components
have an intolerance to lactose, a lactose malabsorption or a genetic disorder leading to accumulation of galactose in the blood (galactosaemia), as lactose is used to coat the tablets
have a condition where increasing gut motility could be harmful, such as gastrointestinal haemorrhage, mechanical obstruction or a perforation
have a kidney or liver disease
have a pituitary tumour that causes over-production of prolactin (prolactinoma)
are taking another medication that may interact with Motilium M and prevent one or both drugs working effectively, such as the antifungals ketoconazole, fluconazole or voriconazole, antibiotics containing erythromycin, clarithromycin or telithromycin; amiodarone for rapid heartbeat.

How should Motilium M be taken?

You should take Motilium M tablets 10mg swallowed whole with a glass of water 15 to 30 minutes before meals. If you are over 16, you can take a tablet three times a day and at bedtime, if necessary.
To increase breastmilk the usual dosage recommended by lactation consultants is up to TWO tablets FOUR times a day.
The dose you take and for how long depends on what you are being treated for and your doctor’s recommendation.

How long should you take Motilium M?

You should continue to take Motilium M tablets 10mg for as long as recommended by your doctor, however, it is not intended for long-term use and you should not continue to take it for more than two weeks, unless recommended by your doctor.

Missed dose of Motilium M

If you miss a dose of Motilium M 10, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is time to take the next dose, then skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose.

How should Motilium M be stored?

Store Motilium M tablets 10mg at room temperature and keep away from direct sunlight.

Where can you buy Motillium?

Motillium (correctly spelt Motilium M) is a common misspelling of the antiemetic medication which is used to treat nausea and vomiting and help relieve symptoms of bloating and fullness that cause discomfort when your digestive system is out of rhythm. Motilium M 10 can also be used to relieve symptoms of nausea caused by some medications, such as anti-cancer drugs. Another use for Motilium M is to increase breast milk production, as a side effect of its intended use. You can buy Motillium (correctly spelt Motilium M) online at Inhousepharmacy.com.

Slayworm 10 Tablets/Pack

Slayworm general information

What is Slayworm used for?

Slayworm tablets 50/144/50 are used as a multi spectrum de-wormer for dogs only, and are suitable for small to medium size adult dogs; also puppies at the correct dose, but should not be given to pregnant or lactating animals. Slayworm tablets are effective in the control of all common gastrointestinal worms, including roundworm (Toxicara), hookworm (Ancylostoma caninum) and whipworm (Trichuris vulpis). They are also effective against intestinal tapeworms (cestodes), particularly the Taenia species and including the hydatid (also known as Echinococcus granulosus), which is the cyst stage of the tapeworm. Slayworm tablets can also be used in combination with other treatments such as medications for the prevention of heartworm, fleas and ticks.

How does Slayworm work?

Slayworm tablets contain a combination of three anthelmintic drugs, which is a drug that dispels parasitic worms (helminths). Praziquantel in Slayworm tablets is an anthelmintic that is effective against intestinal tapeworms (cestodes) and works by interfering with the tapeworm’s ability to protect itself against its host, causing the tapeworm to lose resistance to digestion by the host digestive enzymes. The tapeworm becomes disintegrated and is then removed by the host’s immune system, which destroys the tapeworm before it can be passed out in stools. Pyrantel in Slayworm tablets is a depolarising neuromuscular blocking agent that is effective against roundworms and hookworms that attach to the wall of the host’s intestine by small teeth or suckers. They work by blocking nerve transmission causing sudden muscular contraction followed by paralysis. This causes the worm to lose its grip on the intestine wall and fall off; it then becomes paralysed and dies and is passed out in the stools. Febantel in Slayworm tablets is inactive but is converted to fenbendazole a benzimidazole anthelmintic, which has a broad spectrum action. Fenbendazole works by binding to tubulin in the worm cells, a structural protein of microtubules, and this blocks glucose uptake, which depletes energy stores and eventually paralyses the parasite, which then dies. Although these drugs are effective against parasitic worms in the intestine, they are not well absorbed into the blood of the host and therefore have minimal side effects.

What does Slayworm contain?

Slayworm non-coated tablets contain a combination of three the active ingredients, the anthelmintic drugs praziquantel (50mg) pyrantel pamoate (144mg), febantel (150mg) that are used in combination as a multi spectrum de-wormer for dogs only.

Treating intestinal worms with Slayworm

Slayworm contains a combination of three anthelmintic drugs that are used as a multi spectrum de-wormer for dogs only at the correct dose; Slayworm tablets 50/144/50 are suitable for small to medium size dogs. Slayworm tablets are effective in the control of all common gastrointestinal worms, including roundworm (Toxicara), hookworm (Ancylostoma caninum) and whipworm (Trichuris vulpis). They are also effective against intestinal tapeworms (cestodes), particularly the Taenia species and including the hydatid (also known as Echinococcus granulosus), which is the cyst stage of the tapeworm. Praziquantel in Slayworm tablets is an anthelmintic that is effective against intestinal tapeworms (cestodes) and works by interfering with the tapeworm’s ability to protect itself against its host, causing the tapeworm to lose resistance to digestion by the host digestive enzymes. The tapeworm becomes disintegrated and is then removed by the host’s immune system, which destroys the tapeworm before it can be passed out in stools. Pyrantel in Slayworm tablets is a depolarising neuromuscular blocking agent that is effective against roundworms and hookworms that attach to the wall of the host’s intestine by small teeth or suckers. They work by blocking nerve transmission causing sudden muscular contraction followed by paralysis. This causes the worm to lose its grip on the intestine wall and fall off; it then becomes paralysed and dies and is passed out in the stools. Febantel in Slayworm tablets is inactive but is converted to fenbendazole a benzimidazole anthelmintic, which has a broad spectrum action. Fenbendazole works by binding to tubulin in the worm cells, a structural protein of microtubules, and this blocks glucose uptake, which depletes energy stores and eventually paralyses the parasite, which then dies. Although these drugs are effective against parasitic worms in the intestine, they are not well absorbed into the blood of the host and therefore have minimal side effects.

What are the side effects of Slayworm?

The most commonly reported side effects when taking Slayworm include: vomiting, diarrhoea and lethargy.

How should Slayworm be given?

You should give Slayworm tablets to your dog with or without food by hand, or crushed into their food. You should weigh your dog or cat before dosing to ensure the correct dose of one tablet per 10kg (22 lbs) body weight (or half a tablet as appropriate). Repeat the dose of Slayworm tablets after 3 months. You should continue to give Slayworm tablets to your dog for as long as recommended by your veterinarian professional. You should always consult your veterinarian professional before administering Slayworm tablets to dogs that are pregnant or lactating.

The recommended dose is:

Half tablet up to 5kg (11lbs) body weight
1 tablets 6-10 kg (13-22lbs) body weight
Over 10kg (22lbs), 1 tablet/10kg (22lbs) body weight adding half a tablet for each 5kg (11lbs)

How long should you give Slayworm?

You should continue to give your dog Slayworm tablets for as long as recommended by your veterinarian professional.

How should Slayworm be stored?

You should store your Slayworm below 25°C in a cool dry place.

Mirtazapine Tablets 45mg

MIRTAZAPINE general information

What is Mirtazapine used for?

Mirtazapine tablets 45mg are used to treat episodes of major depression to relieve symptoms of depressive illness, including anxiety, loss of interest in usual activities, disturbed sleep, change in appetite, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, difficulty thinking or concentrating, and recurrent thoughts of suicide. Mirtazapine tablets 45mg are also used to prevent relapse of depression. Mirtazapine tablets 45mg also have sedative properties.

How does Mirtazapine work?

Mirtazapine tablets 45mg contain mirtazapine, which is an antidepressant belonging to the class of drugs known as tetracyclic antidepressant. It is also classified as a Noradrenergic and Specific Serotonergic Antidepressant (NaSSA) because it acts as an antagonist of alpha adrenergic receptors in the central nervous system, which in turn increases the amount of noradrenaline and serotonin neurotransmitters (brain chemical that allows nerve cells to communicate). Mirtazapine in Mirtazapine tablets 45mg has several pharmacological properties, due to its interaction with several chemicals and numerous neurotransmitter systems that are thought to be involved in depression. These include blocking the effect of histamine, which explains its sedative properties. Also, Mirtazapine in Mirtazapine tablets 45mg blocks certain serotonin receptors, which prevents some of the side effects seen with antidepressants of the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI) and it does not have any effect as a reuptake inhibitor, which is how most SSRIs and SNRIs (Serotonin-Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors) work. The action of Mirtazapine in Mirtazapine tablets 45mg helps correct the chemical imbalance caused by a lack of certain neurotransmitters that is thought to be one of the major causes of depression and other mood disorders, particularly a lack of serotonin, which controls many body activities, including regulating mood.

What does Mirtazapine contain?

Mirtazapine tablets 45mg contain the active ingredient mirtazapine, a tetracyclic antidepressant classified as a Noradrenergic and Specific Serotonergic Antidepressant (NaSSA), used to treat, and relieve symptoms of major depression.

Treating depression with Mirtazapine

Mirtazapine tablets 45mg contain mirtazapine, a tetracyclic antidepressant used to treat episodes of major depression to relieve symptoms of depressive illness, including anxiety, loss of interest in usual activities, disturbed sleep, change in appetite, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, difficulty thinking or concentrating, and recurrent thoughts of suicide. Mirtazapine tablets 45mg are also used to prevent relapse of depression. Mirtazapine in Mirtazapine tablets 45mg interacts with several chemicals and numerous neurotransmitter systems that are thought to be involved in depression. These include blocking alpha adrenergic receptors in the central nervous system, which in turn increases the amount of noradrenaline and serotonin neurotransmitters (brain chemical that allows nerve cells to communicate). This action of Mirtazapine in Mirtazapine tablets 45mg helps correct the chemical imbalance caused by a lack of these neurotransmitters, which is thought to be one of the major causes of depression and other mood disorders, particularly a lack of serotonin, which controls many body activities, including regulating mood. Mirtazapine in Mirtazapine tablets 45mg also blocks certain serotonin receptors, which prevents some of the side effects seen with antidepressants of the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI) and it does not have any effect as a reuptake inhibitor, which is how most SSRIs and SNRIs (Serotonin-Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors) work.

What are the side effects of Mirtazapine?

The most commonly reported side effects when taking Mirtazapine tablets 45mg include increase in appetite and weight gain, lethargy, drowsiness or sleepiness, headache, tiredness, dry mouth, nausea diarrhoea, vomiting, orthostatic hypotension or dizzy spell (low blood pressure when standing up), abnormal dreams, tremor, dizziness, painful joints, back pain, muscle aches and pains, oedema (swelling due to fluid accumulation), skin rash.

When should Mirtazapine not be used?

You should not use Mirtazapine tablets 45mg if you:

are allergic to Mirtazapine or any ingredients in Mirtazapine
are pregnant or are breastfeeding
have kidney or liver disease
have had a recent heart attack or have other heart problems like angina
have certain conditions without discussion with your doctor, including low blood pressure, diabetes, glaucoma, problems in urinating due to an enlarged prostate,
are taking any monoamine oxidase inhibitor medications (such as phenelzine, tranylcypromine and moclobemide) as these can cause serious reactions if taken with Mirtazapine
are taking medicines that interact with Mirtazapine, including other antidepressants like the SNRI venlafaxine, the SSRI fluoxetine, lithium for bipolar, St John’s wort, benzodiazepines for anxiety, anticoagulants like warfarin, the antifungal ketoconazole, cimetidine for stomach ulcers, the antibiotic erythromycin, anticonvulsant carbamazepine, the antiepileptic phenytoin, alcohol

What medications interact with Mirtazapine?

Several medications interact with Mirtazapine tablets 45mg and should either not be taken while you are taking Mirtazapine or only after discussion and instruction from your doctor:

Drugs that cause a serious reaction with Mirtazapine: monoamine oxidase inhibitor medications, like phenelzine, other antidepressants like the SNRI venlafaxine, the SSRI fluoxetine, lithium for bipolar, St John’s wort, alcohol
Drugs that affect Mirtazapine: the antifungal ketoconazole, cimetidine for stomach ulcers, the antibiotic erythromycin, anticonvulsant carbamazepine, the antiepileptic phenytoin
Drugs that are affected by Mirtazapine: benzodiazepines for anxiety, anticoagulants like warfarin

How should Mirtazapine be taken?

You should take your Mirtazapine tablets 45mg swallowed whole with a glass of water with or without food once daily, at the same times each day preferably at bedtime. The dose you take and for how long depends on your doctor’s recommendations how well you are responding to treatment. You should begin to feel an improvement within one to two weeks, with maximum effect within four weeks and you should continue to take your Mirtazapine tablets 45mg for at least a further four to six months after you feel well.

How long should you take Mirtazapine?

You should take your Mirtazapine tablets 45mg regularly for as long as recommended by your doctor and you should begin to feel an improvement within one to two weeks, with maximum effect within four weeks. You should continue to take your Mirtazapine tablets 45mg for at least a further four to six months after you feel well.

Missed dose of Mirtazapine?

If you miss a dose of Mirtazapine take it as soon as you remember, unless it is time to take the next dose, then skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose.

How should Mirtazapine be stored?

You should store your Mirtazapine below 25°C in a cool dry place.

Rizact 5mg (Rizatriptan)

Rizact general information

What is Rizact used for?

Rizact tablets 5mg are used to relieve acute migraine attacks with or without aura, which is the perception of visual disturbances and/or smells and is usually the first sign that a migraine headache is on its way. Rizact-5 should only be used for treatment of a migraine attack to relieve headache and other symptoms, including nausea and sensitivity to light and noise, but they should not be used to prevent migraine headaches from occurring. You can use Rizact tablets 5mg at any stage of a migraine attack but it is more effective if taken as soon as possible after the first signs of headache and/or aura. Rizact tablets 5mg are not intended for the treatment of other types of headache, such as cluster headache, which is a very painful type of headache that occurs in regular cycles or clusters, interspersed with periods of remission. Rizact-5 is not intended for the management of haemiplegic migraine, which can also cause temporary weakness of one side of the body and paralysis; or basilar migraine, which is another form of migraine and is caused by an arterial spasm at the base of the brain restricting blood flow to the brain.

How does Rizact work?

Rizact tablets 5mg tablets contain rizatriptan, which is a member of the group of drugs called tryptans and is a serotonin agonist that mimics the action of serotonin (also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT). Serotonin is a brain chemical that is involved in control of mood, pain sensation, sexual behaviour, sleep, as well as dilation (widening) and constriction (narrowing) of blood vessels. Migraine is thought to be caused by dilatation or widening of blood vessels in the head (intracranial vessels) due to one of many migraine triggers, which in turn stimulates nearby sensory trigeminal nerves, which release chemicals, causing pain and inflammation. Rizatriptan in Rizact-5 stimulates the serotonin receptors in these expanded blood vessels making them narrow again (vasoconstriction) and inhibits trigeminal nerve activity and pain transmission, relieving pain. Both actions are thought to contribute to the anti-migraine action of rizatriptan and relieve headache and other symptoms of a migraine attack. Rizact tablets 5mg are effective in relieving the pain of migraine headache within an hour of taking the film coated tablets.

What does Rizact contain?

Rizact film coated tablets contain the active ingredient rizatriptan benzoate 5mg, a serotonin agonist used to relieve symptoms of a migraine attack.

Treating migraine headache with Rizact

Rizact tablets 5mg contain rizatriptan, which is a serotonin agonist that mimics the action of serotonin. They are used to relieve acute migraine attacks with or without aura, which is the perception of visual disturbances and/or smells called and is usually the first sign that a migraine headache is on its way. Migraine is thought to be caused by dilatation or widening of blood vessels in the head due to one of many migraine triggers, which in turn stimulates nearby sensory nerves so that you feel pain. Rizatriptan in Rizact-5 stimulates the serotonin receptors in these expanded blood vessels making them narrow again (vasoconstriction) and inhibits trigeminal nerve activity, relieving pain. Both actions are thought to contribute to the anti-migraine action of Rizatriptan in Rizact-5 to relieve headache and other symptoms of a migraine attack. Rizact tablets 5mg relieve the headache and other symptoms of migraine, including nausea and sensitivity to light.

What are the side effects of Rizact?

The most commonly reported side effects when taking Rizact tablets 5mg include: dizziness, drowsiness, sensory disturbance including, tingling, pricking, or numbness of the skin (paraesthesia), loss of sensitivity to pain or touch (hypoaesthesia), shortness of breath, sensations of heaviness, pain, sensations of heat or cold, pressure or tightness, weakness, fatigue, decrease mental acuity.

When should Rizact not be used?

You should not use Rizact if you:

are allergic to rizatriptan or any triptan like sumatriptan or any other ingredients in Rizact
are pregnant or breastfeeding without discussion with your doctor
have had myocardial infarction or have ischaemic heart disease, coronary vasospasm (Prinzmetal's angina), peripheral vascular disease, or a history of cerebovascular accident (CVA) or transient ischaemic attack (TIA)
have liver disease or uncontrolled hypertension
have basilar or haemiplegic migraine
are using medicines that interact with Rizact, including: ergotamine or derivatives of ergotamine (including methysergide), monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

What medications interact with Rizact?

The following medications interact with Rizact tablets 5mg and should either not be taken while you are taking Rizact-5 or only after discussion and instruction from your doctor.

Ergot derivatives including methysergide (also for migraine headaches) should not be taken 24 hours before to 6 hours after dose of Rizact-5
MAOI antidepressants should not be taken within 14 days of Rizact-5
Other triptan serotonin agonist like sumatriptan
Other serotonin agonist antidepressants like SSRIs; SNRIs.

How should Rizact be taken?

You can take Rizact tablets 5mg at any stage of a migraine attack but it is more effective if taken as soon as possible after the first signs of headache and/or aura. You should take your Rizact-5 swallowed whole without food, as food may delay the effectiveness of Rizact-5. If the first dose of Rizact tablets 5mg does not help your migraine, you should not take another dose for the same migraine, as it is unlikely that it will improve your headache. If you have another migraine attack in the next 24 hours you can take another dose, but not within two hours of the first dose and you should not take more than 30mg within 24 hours.

How should Rizact be stored?

You should store your Rizact below 25°C in a cool dry place.

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